{"id":10659,"date":"2015-11-29T00:00:22","date_gmt":"2015-11-29T08:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=10659"},"modified":"2024-10-19T16:28:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T00:28:14","slug":"yesterdays-dissonance-todays-consonance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/yesterdays-dissonance-todays-consonance\/","title":{"rendered":"Yesterday\u2019s Dissonance, Today\u2019s Consonance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In tonal music, there are two classes of intervals \u2013 <em>dissonant <\/em>and <em>consonant<\/em> intervals. If you missed the lesson on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/consonant-intervals\">Consonant Intervals<\/a> (plus the free 111-pg guide), be sure to go through it.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we&#8217;ll focus on the evolution in music and its effect on dissonant intervals.<\/p>\n<h2>Consonance<\/h2>\n<p>When intervals sound <em>pleasant<\/em> and agreeable, they are said to be consonant. Following traditional guidelines, the following intervals are associated with consonance:<\/p>\n<p><b>Perfect Consonance<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Perfect Unison\/Octave<\/li>\n<li>Perfect 4th<\/li>\n<li>Perfect 5th<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Imperfect Consonance<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Major 3<sup>rd<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Minor 3<sup>rd<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Major 6<sup>th<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Minor 6<sup>th<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Dissonance<\/h2>\n<p>When intervals sound <em>unpleasant<\/em> and disagreeable, they are said to be dissonant. These intervals possess a high (or low) degree of tension and have the tendency to resolve to consonant intervals. Following traditional guidelines, the following intervals are associated with dissonance:<\/p>\n<p><b>Diatonic Dissonance<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Major 2<sup>nd<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Minor 2<sup>nd<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Major 7<sup>th<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Minor 7<sup>th<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Chromatic Dissonance<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Augmented 4<sup>th<\/sup> and ALL Augmented Intervals<\/li>\n<li>Diminished 5<sup>th<\/sup> and ALL Diminished Intervals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Evolution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>I\u2019m not an evolutionist like Charles Darwin and his disciples. However, I believe that evolution is an integral part of humanity. Life is dynamic in diverse ways. So many things that were outrageous years ago are beginning to gain acceptance. Evolution has affected different facets of our life. Let&#8217;s consider some of the facets:<\/p>\n<h3><em>#1 \u2013 Religion<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>There was a time when terrorism was just a dictionary word and condemned by all religious bodies. In recent times, terrorism has gained grounds. There are religious sects that have openly embraced terrorism like the Boko Haram sect in Nigeria.<\/p>\n<h3><em>#2 \u2013 Fashion<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>There was a time when indecent dressing was condemned by all. Everyone publicly shunned those who exposed certain parts of their body. Today, the story is different. Fashion has evolved, exposure of certain body parts is in vogue.<\/p>\n<h3><em>#3 \u2013 Moral Standards<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Moral standards are declining. Societies that condemned prostitution and other vices are turning around to promote them. Several nations have passed bills to legalize prostitution or even drug use.<\/p>\n<h3><em>#4 \u2013 Marriage<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Gone are the days when the war against same-sex marriage was fought by all. Today, same-sex marriage is legalized in different parts of the world.<\/p>\n<p><b><em>#5 \u2013 Harmony<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<p>There was a time when certain intervals were avoided because of their dissonant property. The diminished 5<sup>th<\/sup> interval was considered to be extremely dissonant. In the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century, it was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/devil-music-tritones-vs-augmented-4ths-diminished-5ths\">banned<\/a>. Today, the story is different. Jazz and Gospel Musicians (and musicians in other styles of American popular music) have made this interval an integral part of harmony.<\/p>\n<p><b>Yesterday:<\/b> Discords resolve to concords. E.g. &#8211; Gdom7 (a discord) resolves to C Major Triad.<\/p>\n<p><b>Today:<\/b> Discords no longer resolve. E.g. Gdom7 can be used as the tonic chord in the key of G.<\/p>\n<p>This does not mean that the dissonant property of this discord has diminished &#8211; not at all.<\/p>\n<p>In the bebop era, Jazz musicians took dissonance to another level. The following innovations were made:<\/p>\n<p><b>Exploration of altered extensions of the dominant chord.<\/b> This perspective heightened dissonance using compound intervals like:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u266f9 \u2013 Augmented Ninth<\/li>\n<li>\u266d9 \u2013 Minor Ninth (This is arguably the most dissonant interval in Jazz. It exists between the 3<sup>rd<\/sup> and 11<sup>th<\/sup> and up until now, Jazz musicians have avoided the use of the natural eleventh. This is because it forms a minor 9<sup>th<\/sup> from the third.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Simple intervals weren\u2019t left out:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u266f5 \u2013 Augmented Fifth<\/li>\n<li>\u266d5 \u2013 Diminished Fifth (Diaboli Musica \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/devil-music-tritones-vs-augmented-4ths-diminished-5ths\">Devil in Music<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Substitution of chords related by the tritone progression.<\/b> There are twelve dominant chords in tonal music:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C Dom7<\/li>\n<li>C\u266f\/D\u266d Dom7<\/li>\n<li>D Dom7<\/li>\n<li>D\u266f\/E\u266d Dom7<\/li>\n<li>E Dom7<\/li>\n<li>F Dom7<\/li>\n<li>F\u266f\/G\u266d Dom7<\/li>\n<li>G Dom7<\/li>\n<li>G\u266f\/A\u266d Dom7<\/li>\n<li>A Dom7<\/li>\n<li>A\u266f\/B\u266d Dom7<\/li>\n<li>B Dom7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dominant chords that are a tritone progression apart were used as mutual substitutes (aka &#8211; &#8220;Tritone substitutions.&#8221;) E.g. &#8211; G Dom7 to C Maj7 became <strong>C\u266f\/D\u266d Dom7 to C Maj7.<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Chord<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Tritone Substitution<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">C Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">F\u266f\/G\u266d Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">D Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">G\u266f\/A\u266d Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">E Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">A\u266f\/B\u266d Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">G Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">C\u266f\/D\u266d Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">A Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">D\u266f\/E\u266d Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">B Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"312\">\n<p align=\"center\">F Dom7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Superimposition of chords to create polychords.<\/b> This is the use of triads and seventh chords over dominant chords to create polychords. A polychord is the superimposition of two or more chords.<\/p>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<p>A \/ G Dom7<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,F,A,Cs,E&amp;color=90EE90&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"consonance and dissonance G B F A C sharp E\"><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>E \/ G Dom7<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,F,B,E,Gs&amp;color=90EE90&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"G B F B E G sharp\"><\/p>\n<p>E\u266d \/ G Dom7<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,F,Bb,Eb,G&amp;color=90EE90&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"G B F Bb Eb G\"><\/p>\n<p>D\u266d \/ G Dom7<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,F,Ab,Db,F&amp;color=90EE90&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"G B F Ab Db F\"><\/p>\n<h2><b>Yesterday and Today<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>YESTERDAY:<\/b> Certain classes of chords that were forbidden several centuries ago because of their extreme dissonance, (e.g. &#8211; the G Dom 7), cannot move a grain of sand today. Therefore, it is important to evolve with the music. Don\u2019t stick to the regular dominant seventh chord (simply because it is <i>traditionally<\/i> considered dominant) when there are 20<sup>th<\/sup> century ideas from the bebop era (like the ones I shared) that can heighten its dissonance.<\/p>\n<p><b>TODAY:<\/b> Music has evolved to the point where dominant 7<sup>th<\/sup> chords can be resolved or not. Therefore, if you must play something dissonant, play it better than it was played years ago. This is because musical tastes have evolved beyond the harmonic provisions of the dominant seventh chord.<\/p>\n<p>Until next time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In tonal music, there are two classes of intervals \u2013 dissonant and consonant intervals. In this article, we&#8217;ll focus on the evolution in music and its effect on dissonant intervals.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":23031,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[17,1818,1819,126],"class_list":["post-10659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chords-progressions","category-piano","tag-basic-songs","tag-consonance","tag-consonance-vs-dissonance","tag-dissonance","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yesterday\u2019s Dissonance, Today\u2019s Consonance - Hear and Play Music Learning Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In tonal music, there are 2 classes of intervals \u2013 dissonant &amp; consonant intervals. 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