{"id":10753,"date":"2015-12-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-12-09T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=10753"},"modified":"2024-10-16T05:01:44","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T13:01:44","slug":"voice-leading-principles-for-triads-less-hand-movement-more-harmony","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/voice-leading-principles-for-triads-less-hand-movement-more-harmony\/","title":{"rendered":"Voice Leading Principles For Triads: Less Hand Movement, More Harmony [Plus Free 176-pg Ebook]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this lesson, let&#8217;s turn our attention to voice leading. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Attention: There is a free 176-pg Quick Guide associated with this lesson<\/strong> [thrive_leads id=&#8217;11105&#8242;]<\/p>\n<p>In the key of C, there are seven scale degrees.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,D,E,F,G,A,B,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"voice leading\" \/><br \/>\nThe first, fourth and fifth scale-degree chords are major. These major chords are called primary chords and are principal chords that have the same quality (major) with the prevalent key.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 1<\/strong> (C Major):<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" alt=\"voice leading C E G\" \/><strong>Chord 4<\/strong> (F Major):<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,A,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><strong>  Chord 5<\/strong> (G Major):<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,D&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If left alone, it will take a considerable amount of effort to keep up with the demands of moving from chord 1 to chord 4 and vice-versa:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,A,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Chord 1 to Chord 5 and vice-versa:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,D&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>At a very fast tempo, it becomes very challenging to keep up with the technical demands of playing primary chords. In this article, I&#8217;ll show you, step by step, how to minimize these hand movements and move smoothly from one primary chord to another, irrespective of the key you&#8217;re in. Let&#8217;s get started.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voicing<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Chord comes from an old English word that means <em>together<\/em>. <\/p>\n<p>We often associate chords with a combination of notes being played on the piano or guitar. However, the notes of a chord can also be seen as <em>voices<\/em> &#8211; soprano, alto, tenor and bass. <\/p>\n<p>There are basically two perspectives to playing chords &#8211; the <em>chorale<\/em> style and the <em>keyboard<\/em> style. <\/p>\n<p>In this article, we won&#8217;t delve into the chorale style completely, but we&#8217;ll learn some important guidelines from the chorale style of voicing. <\/p>\n<p>The highest voice in choral music is <strong>soprano<\/strong>, followed by <strong>alto<\/strong>, then <strong>tenor<\/strong>. In the C major chord below:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The chord tones below can be seen as voices. G is the soprano, E is the Alto and C is the tenor. Guess you&#8217;re asking for the bass note now. Well, the root of the chord (C) is usually duplicated as the bass. These four notes can be seen as voices even though we&#8217;re representing them on the keyboard.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If we move these voices to chord 4, we&#8217;ll have:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,F,A,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the chorale style practice, it is difficult for voices to move like this because of range, difficulty and smoothness. Let&#8217;s cover principles that can help us move smoothly from one chord to another.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The smooth movement of voices from one chord to another is possible and there are guiding principles to it. These principles are called voice leading principles. The basic thing you should know about voice leading as it relates to this post is:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>When two successive chords share one or more notes in common, these notes [they have in common] will remain constant while other voices will move to the nearest note possible.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In voice leading, we are concerned with two things:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The retention of <em>common voices<\/em> between two successive chords.<\/li>\n<li>The movement of different voices to the <em>closest<\/em> note possible.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Attention: There is a free 176-pg Quick Guide associated with this lesson<\/strong> [thrive_leads id=&#8217;11105&#8242;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading Example &#8211; Chord 1 to Chord 4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>Application of the voice leading principle to a chord progression in the key of C, from Chord 1 (C Major) to Chord 4 (F Major).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Step #1 &#8211; Retention of <em>common voices<\/em> between two successive chords<\/strong>. Our assignment here is to determine the number of voices these chords share in common.<\/p>\n<p>C Major has <strong>C<\/strong>-E-G as its chord tones.<\/p>\n<p>F Major has F-A-<strong>C<\/strong> as its chord tones.<\/p>\n<p>The common voice in both chords is C. Therefore, C will be retained.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step #2 &#8211; Movement of different voices to the closest note possible.<\/strong> Considering that C is retained in both chords, we&#8217;ll have to move the remaining voices to the closest note possible.<\/p>\n<p>C major is left with the notes, E and G.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>F major is left with the notes, F and A.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,A,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you had to choose between F and A in chord 4, which is the closest to the E from chord 1? <strong>The answer is F<\/strong>. F is closer to E than A is. Therefore, E moves to F as its closest note. This will imply that G will also move to A as its closest note. <\/p>\n<p>If we put everything together:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,F,A,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>C<\/strong> is retained as the common voice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>E<\/strong> moves up to F as its nearest voice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G<\/strong> moves up to A as its nearest voice.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading Example &#8211; Chord 1 to Chord 5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>Application of the voice leading principle to a chord progression in the key of C, from Chord 1 (C Major) to Chord 5 (G Major).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Step #1 &#8211; Retention of <em>common voices<\/em> between two successive chords<\/strong>. What are the chord tones that are identical in both voices?<\/p>\n<p>C major has C-E-<strong>G<\/strong> as its chord tones.<\/p>\n<p>G major has <strong>G<\/strong>-B-D as its chord tones.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s crystal clear that the common chord tone in both chords is G. Therefore, G will be retained.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step #2 &#8211; Movement of different voices to the closest note possible.<\/strong> Now that we&#8217;ve retained the common voice (which is G), the remaining two notes will have to move to the closest notes possible.<\/p>\n<p>C major is left with C and E (G is retained).<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\"  \/><\/p>\n<p>G major is left with B and D.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=B,D&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you had to choose between B and D in chord 5, which is the closest note to the E from chord 1? <strong>The answer is D.<\/strong> D is closer to E than B is. Therefore, E moves to D as its closest note. By implication, C will move to B as its closest note. <\/p>\n<p>If we put everything together:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,G,&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=B,D,G&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>C <\/strong>moves down to B as its nearest voice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>E<\/strong> moves down to D as its nearest voice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G<\/strong> is retained as the common voice.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading Example &#8211; Chord 4 to Chord 5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Chords 4 and 5 are adjacent to each other and I don&#8217;t intend taking you any further into voice leading principles for chords that are right next to each other. However, just know this:<\/p>\n<p>When two triads are adjacent to each other, they don&#8217;t share any note in common. Consequently, there won&#8217;t be retention of voices. I&#8217;ll strongly recommend that in such situations, voices should move to the nearest notes possible.<\/p>\n<p>Having explained the principles, let&#8217;s see how we can play primary triads in ALL inversions using voice leading principles.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading From Root Position Tonic Chords<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In the key of C major, the tonic chord below is in root position:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,C,E,G&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 4:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 5 will move to the nearest voices in chord 4 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,C,F,A&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 5:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 4 will move to the nearest voices in chord 5 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,D,G&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Below are primary chords (Chords 1, 4 and 5) connected smoothly according to the voice leading principles taught in this lesson:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,C,E,G&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,C,F,A&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,B,D,G&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*There are voice leading reasons for choosing &#8220;B D G&#8221; instead of &#8220;D G B&#8221; that have to do with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contrapuntal_motion#Parallel_motion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">direction<\/a> the chords are moving in. These will be covered in a subsequent post.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading From First Inversion Tonic Chords<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In the key of C major, the tonic chord is given below in first inversion:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,E,G,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" height=\"176\" width=\"561\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 4:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 5 will move to the nearest voices in Chord 4 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,F,A,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 5:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 4 will move to the nearest voices in Chord 5 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,D,G,B&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Below are primary chords (Chords 1, 4 and 5) connected smoothly by the voice leading principle.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,E,G,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,F,A,C&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,D,G,B&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*There are voice leading reasons for choosing &#8220;D G B&#8221; instead of &#8220;G B D&#8221; that have to do with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contrapuntal_motion#Parallel_motion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">direction<\/a> the chords are moving in. These will be covered in a subsequent post.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Attention: There is a free 176-pg Quick Guide associated with this lesson<\/strong> [thrive_leads id=&#8217;11105&#8242;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Voice Leading From Second Inversion Tonic Chords<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In the key of C major, the tonic chord is given below in second inversion:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,G,C,E&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 4:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 5 will move to the nearest voices in chord 4 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,o,A,C,F&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chord 5:<\/strong> Voices in chords 1 or 4 will move to the nearest voices in chord 5 while common voices will be retained:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,G,B,D&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Below are primary chords (Chords 1, 4 and 5) connected smoothly by the voice leading principle.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,G,C,E&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=F,o,A,C,F&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=G,G,B,D&amp;color=98FB98&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*There are voice leading reasons for choosing &#8220;G B D&#8221; instead of &#8220;B D G&#8221; that have to do with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contrapuntal_motion#Parallel_motion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">direction<\/a> the chords are moving in. These will be covered in a subsequent post.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Final Words<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>These voice leading principles have helped us to minimize movement by retaining common voices and looking for the nearest voices possible for our next chord. <\/p>\n<p>Now, it&#8217;s your duty to practice these techniques for the different inversions of the tonic chords in the key of C. When you are comfortable with it, transpose it mentally to other keys. It may prove challenging initially, however, it will pay off. Knowledge of the inversion of chords is an extra advantage.<\/p>\n<p>Until next time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Attention: There is a free 176-pg Quick Guide associated with this lesson<\/strong> [thrive_leads id=&#8217;11105&#8242;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voice leading is the smooth movement of the notes (or voices) from one chord to the next. In this post, we&#8217;ll exploring voice leading for triads.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":23020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,416,9],"tags":[1855,1858,1860,1857,1859,1856],"class_list":["post-10753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chords-progressions","category-experienced-players","category-piano","tag-voice-leading","tag-voice-leading-first-inversion","tag-voice-leading-principle","tag-voice-leading-root-position","tag-voice-leading-second-inversion","tag-voice-leading-triads","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Voice Leading Principles For Triads: Less Hand Movement, More Harmony [Plus Free 176-pg Ebook] - Hear and Play Music Learning Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Voice leading is the smooth movement of the notes (or voices) from one chord to the next. 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