{"id":11200,"date":"2015-12-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-12-19T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=11200"},"modified":"2024-10-16T03:22:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T11:22:15","slug":"six-characteristic-features-of-intervals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/six-characteristic-features-of-intervals\/","title":{"rendered":"Exposed: Six Characteristic Features of Intervals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The concept of intervals is one that a vast majority of musicians are yet to get acquainted with. <\/p>\n<p>If two books are kept side-by-side &#8211; one on <em>intervals<\/em> and another on <em>chords<\/em>, which would you go for?<\/p>\n<p>Experience tells me there aren&#8217;t very many people who would opt for the one on intervals. Most would prefer to go straight to chords. Heck, many years ago, I belonged to the league of musicians who knew very little, if anything, about intervals besides their definition <em>as the distance [in pitch] between two notes<\/em>&#8230; and the number of half steps each interval contained, etc. <\/p>\n<p>Long story short, I literally used intervals in the same way most would use a measuring tape. However, with exposure to traditional principles, I came to realize that they meant much more than this surface-level definition. I saw <em>harmonic<\/em> and <em>melodic<\/em> potentials, <em>consonance<\/em> and <em>dissonance,<\/em> and much more that I can&#8217;t wait to share with you. <\/p>\n<p>If you are where I used to be, I recommend you read this post very carefully because I&#8217;m exposing six characteristic features of intervals that will broaden your scope. <\/p>\n<p>But before we go any further, let&#8217;s break down the definition.<\/p>\n<h2>Intervals &#8211; <em>Defined<\/em><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>An interval is the distance [in pitch] between two notes.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Let&#8217;s break this down.<\/p>\n<p><strong>#1 &#8211; An interval is the relationship between <em>two notes.<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>An interval <i>does not contain<\/i> more than two notes. The relationship between more than two notes yields chords.<\/p>\n<p><strong>#2 &#8211; When two notes are sounded\/heard, there\u2019s <em>distance<\/em> between them<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This distance is measured in pitch [level]. Considering that <em>pitch is the level of lowness or highness, graveness (extreme lowness) or acuteness (extreme highness) of a music sound<\/em>, the measurement of distance here basically has to do with the contrast in the level of lowness or highness between the <strong>two notes <\/strong>involved. <\/p>\n<p>When the distance between two notes is measured, it is in terms of lowness or highness. The first note when compared to the second <i>may<\/i> differ in terms of lowness or highness. When C and E are played on the piano\/keyboard:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;E (in contrast to C) will have a level of highness. This highness is because of the distance in pitch between them. <\/p>\n<p>When C and A are played on the piano\/keyboard:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,A&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;A (in contrast to C) will also have a level of highness. This highness is because of the distance in pitch between them.<\/p>\n<p>The level of highness of A above C will sound higher than that of E above C and this is because the distance from C to A is <i>wider <\/i>than that of C to E. The distance between the notes of an interval is called its <em>width<\/em> or<em> height<\/em>. Therefore, we can say that C-A is bigger than C-E in width.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,A&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" alt=\"intervals\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nAny two notes on the keyboard can form an interval.<\/p>\n<p>C to E<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nE to G<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=E,G&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nA\u266d to B<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,Ab,B&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nD to B\u266d<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=D,Bb&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC\u266f to B\u266d<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=Cs,Bb&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nBefore we proceed, you must note the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">One note <b>CANNOT<\/b> form an interval.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Two notes will yield an <strong>interval<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Three or more notes will form <strong>chords<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Properties of Intervals<\/h2>\n<p>Now that we know what intervals are, let&#8217;s round up by looking at their <strong>six features<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#1 &#8211; Intervals are Ditonic<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>An interval is the distance between two notes. Therefore, we can say that it is <i>ditonic<\/i>, meaning that it contains <b>two notes<\/b>. <\/p>\n<p>This should not be confused with <b>diatonic<\/b> \u2013 which means \u2018<em>progressing through the tones<\/em>\u2019 (having to do with scales).  An interval should not be more or less than two notes.<\/p>\n<p>An interval can also be called a <b>dyad<\/b> by people who see it as a two-note <i>chord<\/i>. However, there are so many reasons why the interval should not be considered as a chord. Whichever school of thought you belong to, one thing is sure: <strong>intervals are the building blocks of chords.<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>(We explored <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/consonant-intervals\">consonant intervals as building blocks of triads<\/a> in a previous post. You will do well to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/consonant-intervals\">read it<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#2 &#8211; Intervals can be Melodic or Harmonic<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The two main relationships between notes are melody and harmony. An interval may be melodic or harmonic depending on the relationship involved.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Melodic Intervals<\/strong> are formed when the notes of an interval are played\/heard \u2018one after the other\u2019. In the interval below:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;if C is played\/heard before E or vice versa, then the interval is said to be <em>melodic<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Harmonic Intervals<\/strong> are formed when the notes of an interval are played\/heard \u2018at the same time\u2019. In the interval below:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;if C and E are played\/heard at the same time, then the interval is said to be <em>harmonic<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#3 &#8211; Intervals are calculated to the right<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>When an interval is given or played, it is calculated to the right [<i>ascending direction<\/i>].<\/p>\n<p>The lower note in the interval is the first to be identified or played, before the upper note is.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nThe lower note of this interval is C and the upper note is E, therefore, this interval is between C and E or <em>C-E<\/em>. Even though this interval contains an E and a C, it would be wrong for us to call it an <em>E-C<\/em>. The lower note is C and when we reckon to the right, we\u2019ll have <em>C-E<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#4 &#8211; Intervals can be inverted<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Intervals can be inverted using the process of <i>inversion.<\/i> Inversion of intervals has to do with the <i>rearrangement<\/i> of the notes of an interval. This rearrangement reverses the position of the lower and upper note.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,E,o&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC-E when inverted becomes E-C<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=E,C&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nE-C is a rearrangement of C-E. Therefore, we can say that E-C is an <i>inversion<\/i> of C-E.<\/p>\n<p>*Note: Inverting an interval changes it. C-E is a different interval than E-C. They are, however, inversions of each other.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#5 &#8211; Intervals can be Consonant or Dissonant<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The combination of two notes is not different from the combination of two colors. In the combination of two colors, the colors may agree or conflict.<\/p>\n<p>When an interval [the combination of two notes] sounds <b>pleasant<\/b>, the interval is said to be <b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/consonant-intervals\">Consonant<\/a><\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>When an interval [the combination of two notes] sounds <b>unpleasant<\/b>, the interval is said to be <b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/chromatic-dissonance-chord-formation-using-tritone\">Dissonant<\/a><\/b>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>#6 &#8211; Intervals can be Simple or Compound<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>As you know, an interval is simply the distance between two notes. This distance can be as short\/close as a semitone or longer than an octave. Intervals can be simple or compound, and this largely depends on <i>width<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Simple Intervals<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>When the <i>width<\/i> of an interval is within the compass of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/4-dimensions-of-octave\">octave<\/a>, the interval is said to be a simple interval.<\/p>\n<p>C-D<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,D&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC-G<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,G&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC-B<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=o,C,B&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nThese are all simple intervals. Their widths are within the compass of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/4-dimensions-of-octave\">octave<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Compound Intervals<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When the <i>width<\/i> of an interval is bigger than the compass of an octave, the interval is said to be a compound interval.<\/p>\n<p>C-E<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,E&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC-F<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,F&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nC-A<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=C,o,A&amp;color=CC99CC&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nThese are all <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interval_(music)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">compound<\/a> intervals because their widths exceed the compass of an octave.<\/p>\n<h2>Final Words<\/h2>\n<p>The goal of this post was to revive your interest in intervals. These days, posts like this are rare because certain instructors jump right into chords from scales. But here, we believe that a thorough understanding of intervals will pay off in the study of chords. <\/p>\n<p>In fact, most features you find in chords are inherited from intervals:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chords can be <strong>melodic<\/strong> (in respect to arpeggios and broken chords) or <strong>harmonic<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Chords are <strong>reckoned\/determined<\/strong> to the right.<\/li>\n<li>Chords can be <strong>inverted<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Chords can be <strong>consonant<\/strong> or <strong>dissonant<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These six features should take you beyond the regular use of intervals to describe distances into a deeper understanding of the melodic and harmonic potentials of intervals.<\/p>\n<div class=\"productinfo\">Interested in our upcoming course dedicated specifically to intervals? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/hearandplay130\">Click here to join the waiting list for Hear and Play 130 &#8211; All About Intervals<\/a>.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An interval is the distance [in pitch] between two notes. However, in this post, we&#8217;ll go a step further by describing 6 features of intervals that&#8217;ll give you a deeper understanding.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":23008,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[17,1887,1885,72,1884,1886],"class_list":["post-11200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-piano","tag-basic-songs","tag-compound-intervals","tag-harmonic-intervals","tag-intervals","tag-melodic-intervals","tag-simple-intervals","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Exposed: Six Characteristic Features of Intervals - Hear and Play Music Learning Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An interval is the distance [in pitch] between two notes. 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