{"id":11863,"date":"2016-01-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-01-21T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=11863"},"modified":"2024-10-14T17:37:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T01:37:52","slug":"skeleton-in-the-chordboard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/skeleton-in-the-chordboard\/","title":{"rendered":"Skeleton In The &#8220;Chordboard&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The phrase \u201c<i>skeleton in the cupboard<\/i>\u201d is probably the first thing that came to mind after seeing the title of this post \u2013 <b>Skeleton in the &#8220;Chordboard&#8221;<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Skeleton in the cupboard<\/em> is a saying that refers to a fact or thing that is kept secret because of how embarrassing its exposure might seem.<\/p>\n<p>However, beyond the literal meaning of the <em>skeleton in the cupboard<\/em> idiom, we&#8217;re using it in this post to represent the part of chords (that are sometimes hidden), that if exposed, would help you recognize any chord at sight.<\/p>\n<h2>The Skeleton<\/h2>\n<p>Biologically, it is skeletons that give support (rigidity) to living organisms.<\/p>\n<p>Right where you are, you can stand, sit, walk, and cope with other activities because you have a skeletal system. Your support and balance, and to a large extent, your physical appearance, depends on it. Even at death, the skeleton takes a longer time to decay compared to every other system in the body.<\/p>\n<p>Organisms like snails, periwinkles, tortoises etc., derive their support from their shell, which is pretty much an outer skeleton.<\/p>\n<p>The third and seventh of a chord are also known as its shell or skeleton. These tones are considered so because chord quality (what makes a chord <em>major<\/em> or <em>minor<\/em>), largely depends on these tones.<\/p>\n<p>Similar to the process of death and decay, if we omit other chord tones (flesh and muscles) and play only the third and seventh (skeleton) of a chord, we\u2019ll still be able to identify the chord.<\/p>\n<p>Knowledge of the skeleton (which is an outline of the basic structure of a chord) is of the most valuable importance in chord recognition and this post, <em>\u201cskeleton in the chordboard,\u201d<\/em> is sure to inspire you to start considering chords (no matter how <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/four-characteristics-of-phat-chords\">phat<\/a>) like an x-ray generator.<\/p>\n<p>An x-ray generator (talking about you) goes beyond the surface, beyond muscles and tissues (which are other chord tones) in the body to expose the skeleton (the <strong>third<\/strong> and <strong>seventh<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p>In chord recognition, the skeleton of a chord may not necessarily tell you its extended components, like the kind of ninth (whether it&#8217;s 9, b9 or #9), eleventh, etc., however, it can help you ascertain whether the chord is major, minor, or dominant, and that&#8217;s over 60-90% of the work done.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;60-90%&#8230; Why am I not precise about the percentage of work done?&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>I can&#8217;t say precisely the percentage of work done, and this is because when you&#8217;ve known the third and seventh (aka &#8211; &#8220;skeleton&#8221;) of a chord, you&#8217;ll still consider other extended components (if they are there).<\/p>\n<p>Heck, there are chord types where you&#8217;ll even have to consider the fifth tone.<\/p>\n<h2>Chord Quality<\/h2>\n<p>The distinction between two chord types is in their <em>quality<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>When we talk about \u201cquality\u201d here, we&#8217;re referring to the harmonic identity of a chord, whether it is major or minor. Chords inherit their harmonic identity from the intervals they are made up of (aka &#8211; &#8220;intervallic components&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p>To know what stuff a chord is made of (its intervallic components), all you need to do is break it down to intervals (two-note ideas).<\/p>\n<p>In this segment, we&#8217;ll be looking at the intervallic components of three common seventh chord qualities \u2013 the major seventh, minor seventh, and dominant seventh. I call them common chord qualities because they are associated with the major 2-5-1 chord progression.<\/p>\n<p>A 2-5-1 progression in the key of C is a chord progression between chords 2, 5, and 1 (Dmin7 \u2192 Gdom7 \u2192 Cmaj7). Here&#8217;s a break down of the chords used in a 2-5-1 chord progression:<\/p>\n<h3>Chord 2 &#8211; Dmin7<\/h3>\n<p>Dmin7:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,D,F,A,C&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be broken down into:<\/p>\n<p>D-F:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,D,F,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>minor third<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>D-A:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,D,A,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>perfect fifth<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>D-C:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,D,C&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>minor seventh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Out of all three intervallic components, the D minor seventh chord above clearly inherits its quality from two intervallic components \u2013 the third and the seventh.<\/p>\n<div class=\"productinfo\">Minor 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Minor 7<sup>th<\/sup> =<b> Minor seventh<\/b><\/div>\n<p>It\u2019s obvious that the overall association of this chord with the minor quality is because of the quality of third and seventh it has and both are minor in quality.<\/p>\n<h3>Chord 5 &#8211; Gdom7<\/h3>\n<p>Gdom7:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,G,B,D,F&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be broken down into:<\/p>\n<p>G-B:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,G,B,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>major third<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>G-D:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,G,D&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>perfect fifth<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>G-F:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,G,F&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>minor seventh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This seventh chord has a mixed quality.<\/p>\n<p>It actually wouldn&#8217;t be wrong to call it a <b>major minor seventh<\/b> because of its components. However, the name associated with this special chord came from the technical name of the degree of the major scale where it is built from.<\/p>\n<p>The technical name of the fifth degree of the major scale is <b>dominant<\/b>. Therefore this chord is conventionally known as the &#8220;dominant seventh&#8221; chord. The term <b>dominant<\/b> does not describe its quality.<\/p>\n<div class=\"productinfo\">Major 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Minor 7<sup>th<\/sup> =<b> Dominant seventh<\/b><\/div>\n<h3>Chord 1 &#8211; Cmaj7<\/h3>\n<p>Cmaj7:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be broken down into:<\/p>\n<p>C-E:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>major third<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>C-G:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,G,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>perfect fifth<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>C-B:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,B,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a <strong>major seventh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Out of all three intervallic components, it is clear that the C major seventh chord above inherits its quality from two intervallic components \u2013 the third and the seventh.<\/p>\n<div class=\"productinfo\">Major 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Major 7<sup>th<\/sup> = <b>Major seventh<\/b><\/div>\n<h2>Thirds and Sevenths<\/h2>\n<p>Here are three important nuggets on thirds and sevenths:<\/p>\n<h3><b>Nugget #1 &#8211;<\/b> <em>The 3rd and 7th degrees of a chord usually determine what type of chord you\u2019re playing.<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>From what we\u2019ve covered so far, it is clear that out of all the various tones present in a chord, the 3rd and 7th tones are mainly what determine the quality of a chord.<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p>There are three chord types that are commonly used &#8211; major, minor, and dominant. These are the same chords we covered in the 2-5-1 chord progression above. After analyzing each of them, we came to the conclusion that the 3rd and 7th were the tones that differentiated each of them. In fact, in each case, you could remove the 5th degrees of the chord and it wouldn&#8217;t make a difference.<\/p>\n<div class=\"productinfo\">\n<p>Major 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Major 7<sup>th<\/sup> =<b> Major seventh<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Minor 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Minor 7<sup>th<\/sup> =<b> Minor seventh<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Major 3<sup>rd<\/sup> + Minor 7<sup>th<\/sup> =<b> Dominant seventh<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> Add the next important degree \u2013 <i>the 5th<\/i> \u2013 and you\u2019ve got the ingredients for diminished, augmented, and half-diminished chords as well.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Nugget #2 &#8211;<\/b><i> Extended chords only come to play AFTER you\u2019ve determined the base chord (major, minor, dominant, diminished, augmented, etc.).<\/i><\/h3>\n<p>There are other higher chord classes that contain compound intervals. Compound intervals are intervals that extend beyond the octave.<\/p>\n<p>These chords are known as <b>extended chords<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Although ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth chords belong to this chord class, they are basically seventh chords with these compound intervals (extensions) added on top.<\/p>\n<p>There is typically nothing a 9th, 11th, or 13th can do to alter the basic seventh chord it stems from.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Nugget #3 \u2013<\/b> <em>Compound intervals are basically extensions that upgrade the size and NOT the quality of regular seventh chords.<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>If the two main intervallic components of the major seventh chord:<\/p>\n<p>Major third:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and major seventh:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,B,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;are present in a chord, that pretty much solidifies things as a major type of chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When you add compound intervals (aka \u201cextensions\u201d) like the ninth:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,,D&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;to the basic major seventh chord, it upgrades the chord to a ninth:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,D&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nHowever, the overall quality of the chord (major) will remain the same. It won\u2019t change the chord quality from major to something else like minor or dominant. The chord above is a <strong>major<\/strong> ninth.<\/p>\n<p>In the same vein, if the two main intervallic components of the minor seventh chord:<\/p>\n<p>Minor third:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and minor seventh:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Bb,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;are present in a chord, that pretty much solidifies things as a minor type of chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When you add compound intervals (aka \u201cextensions\u201d) like the ninth:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,,D&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;to the basic minor seventh chord, it upgrades the chord to a ninth:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,D&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;a minor ninth, to be exact.<\/p>\n<p>Heck, you can even upgrade this chord by adding the eleventh:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,,F&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;to the minor ninth chord to upgrade it to a minor eleventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,D,F&amp;color=FFCC33&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Irrespective of the additions we&#8217;ve made, the overall minor quality of the chord will remain the same. It won\u2019t change the chord quality from minor to something else like major or dominant.<\/p>\n<p>In another post, I&#8217;ll be showing you how to use these skeletons to quickly recognize any chord on the piano in the shortest time possible.<\/p>\n<p>Until then.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this lesson, we&#8217;ll discuss what the skeleton of a chord is and how to identify chord types by using just two distinct tones of the chord.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":22967,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[1967,1966,1965,37],"class_list":["post-11863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chords-progressions","category-piano","tag-3rd-and-7th-chords","tag-chord-skeleton","tag-chord-skeletons","tag-chords","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is 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