{"id":15788,"date":"2017-02-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-02-03T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=15788"},"modified":"2024-10-07T01:38:56","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T09:38:56","slug":"the-4-way-idea-substitution-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/the-4-way-idea-substitution-model\/","title":{"rendered":"The 4-Way Idea Substitution Model"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>If you&#8217;re interested in learning the concept of idea substitution, this lesson is for you.<\/p>\n<p>The difference between a beginner and an advanced player is that the former has a limited understanding of the application of a concept, while the latter has an unlimited understanding of the application of any concept.<\/p>\n<p>At the end of this lesson on the 4-way idea substitution model, you&#8217;ll discover four creative ways of making the most of an idea. Consequently, you&#8217;ll have an unlimited understanding of the application of any concept.<\/p>\n<h2>A Short Note On Key Relationship<\/h2>\n<p>There are twenty-four musical keys:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>12 major keys<\/li>\n<li>12 major keys<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8230;and there&#8217;s a relationship between major and minor keys &#8211; every major key has a relative minor key. For example, the key of C major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and A minor:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,B,C,D,E,F,G,A,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;are related because they have exactly the same notes.<\/p>\n<p>The key of G major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,G,A,B,C,D,E,Fs,G&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;is related to the key of E minor:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,E,Fs,G,A,B,C,D,E&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nThe key of B major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,B,Cs,Ds,E,Fs,Gs,As,B&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;is related to the key of G# minor:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,Gs,As,B,Cs,Ds,E,Fs,Gs&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nUsing the musical clock:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/circleoffiths1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9643\" width=\"300\" height=\"320\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;(which is a geometrical representation of the 24 keys), the relationship between major and minor keys can be visualized and memorized.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Conversely&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The relative minor key of a given major key is on the sixth degree of the major scale of that given major key. For example, in the key of E major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,E,Fs,Gs,A,B,Cs,Ds,E&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;the relative minor key is on the sixth degree of the E major scale (which is C#):<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,Cs,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nTherefore, the key of E major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,E,Fs,Gs,A,B,Cs,Ds,E&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;has the key of C# minor as its relative minor key.<\/p>\n<h2>The Concept Of Idea Substitution<\/h2>\n<p>The concept idea substitution has to do with the act of replacing an idea with another idea. Talking about idea, this could mean a note, scale, interval, chord, chord progression, an so on.<\/p>\n<p>The idea of substitution gives a musician an opportunity to use a given idea in more than one way. For example, due to the relationship between the key of C major:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and the key of A minor:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,B,C,D,E,F,G,A,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;an idea that is played in the key of C major can also be applied in the key of A minor. For example, the C lydian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,D,E,Fs,G,A,B,C&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/>&gt;<br \/>\n&#8230;that can be played over the C major seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can also be played over the A minor seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,C,E,G,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;instead of the regular\u00a0 A natural minor scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,B,C,D,E,F,G,A,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nSo, the C lydian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,D,E,Fs,G,A,B,C&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can substitute the A natural minor scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,B,C,D,E,F,G,A,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;because of the relationship between the key of C major and A minor. In the concept of idea substitution, an idea in the major key is used to substitute an idea in the minor key and vice-versa.<\/p>\n<p>Although there&#8217;s a relationship between major and minor ideas, there are other idea substitution models and we&#8217;ll be exploring them in the next segment.<\/p>\n<h2>The 4-Way Idea Substitution Model<\/h2>\n<p>In this segment, we&#8217;ll be learning about the 4-way idea substitution for major seventh, minor seventh, half-diminished seventh, and dominant seventh chords.<\/p>\n<h3>Model #1 &#8211; For Major Seventh Chords<\/h3>\n<p>We&#8217;ll be using the C major seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;as a reference in this substitution model. The following ideas can work over the C major seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>C major seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>A minor seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>F# half-diminished seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>D dominant seventh ideas<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So, while improvising over a C major seventh chord, it&#8217;s possible to use any of the ideas given above.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the A dorian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,B,C,D,E,Fs,G,A,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;which is the compatible scale of the A minor seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=A,C,E,G,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be used to improvise over a C major seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,B,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and that&#8217;s what idea substitution is all about.<\/p>\n<h3>Model #2 &#8211; For Minor Seventh Chords<\/h3>\n<p>Using the C minor seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;as a reference in this substitution model. The following ideas can work over the C minor seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>C minor seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>A half-diminished seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>F dominant seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>Eb major seventh ideas<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>While improvising over a C minor seventh chord, it&#8217;s possible to use any of the ideas given above. For example, the F mixolydian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,F,G,A,Bb,C,D,E,F&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;&#8230;which is the compatible scale of the F dominant seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,F,A,C,Eb&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be used to improvise over a C minor seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;and that&#8217;s the idea.<\/p>\n<h3>Model #3 &#8211; For Half-diminished Seventh Chords<\/h3>\n<p>We&#8217;ll be using the C half-diminished seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,Gb,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;as a reference in this substitution model. The following ideas can work over the C half-diminished seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,Gb,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Gb major seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>Eb minor seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>C half-diminished seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>Ab dominant seventh ideas<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>So, while improvising over a C half-diminished seventh chord, it&#8217;s possible to use any of the ideas given above. For example, the Ab mixolydian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=Ab,Bb,C,Db,Eb,F,Gb,Ab,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;which is the compatible scale of the Ab dominant seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=Ab,C,Eb,Gb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be used to improvise over a C half-diminished seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,Eb,Gb,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Model #4 &#8211; For Dominant Seventh Chords<\/h3>\n<p>Using the C dominant seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;as a reference in this substitution model. The following ideas can work over the C dominant seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Bb major seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>G minor seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>E half-diminished seventh ideas<\/p>\n<p>C dominant seventh ideas<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>While improvising over a C dominant seventh chord, it&#8217;s possible to use any of the ideas given above. For example, the E locrian scale:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,E,F,G,A,Bb,C,D,E&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;&#8230;which is the compatible scale of the E half-diminished seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,E,G,Bb,D&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;can be used to improvise over a C dominant seventh chord:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hearandplay.cc\/dynamic_image\/pianokeys.php?notes=,,C,E,G,Bb,&amp;color=CC6699&amp;size=2\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Final Words<\/h2>\n<p>The concept of the 4-way idea substitution can help any serious musician who wants to take his improvisation to another level.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;ll continue our discussion on the application of the 4-way idea substitution in another post.<\/p>\n<p>See you then!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this lesson, we&#8217;re exploring the concept of idea substitution, and we&#8217;re covering 4 creative dimensions to it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":22649,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,416,350,1828,9],"tags":[17,2442,2440,2441],"class_list":["post-15788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chords-progressions","category-experienced-players","category-music-etc","category-improvisation","category-piano","tag-basic-songs","tag-idea-substituition","tag-major-ideas","tag-minor-ideas","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The 4-Way Idea Substitution Model - Hear and Play Music Learning Center<\/title>\n<meta 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