{"id":16047,"date":"2017-01-05T00:00:45","date_gmt":"2017-01-05T08:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=16047"},"modified":"2024-10-07T01:48:45","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T09:48:45","slug":"a-lesson-on-the-classification-of-scales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/a-lesson-on-the-classification-of-scales\/","title":{"rendered":"A Lesson On The Classification Of Scales"},"content":{"rendered":"

Our focus in today’s lesson is on the classification of scales.<\/p>\n

There are various classes of scales and most times, the classification of scales looks confusing to a vast majority of musicians, and that’s why we’re dedicating this lesson to the study of the classification of scales.<\/p>\n

In the next 12 minutes or so, we’ll be looking at how scales are classified according to:<\/p>\n

Culture Area<\/p>\n

Usage<\/p>\n

Note Aggregate<\/p>\n

Tonality<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Preliminaries: The Definition Of A Scale<\/h2>\n

But before we proceed, let’s do a review on the concept of the musical scale.<\/p>\n

A scale is a regular succession of notes in ascending or descending order [based on a fixed intervallic formula].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The systematic arrangement of notes in a systematic way produces scales. For example, playing all the white notes on the piano from C to C:
\n…produces a scale.
\nNow that we’ve defined a scale, let’s go ahead and explore the classification of scales.<\/p>\n

The Musical Scale – Classified<\/em><\/h2>\n

Although there are many ways to classify scales, we’ll be focusing on only these four ways that musical scales can be classified.<\/p>\n

A scale is a regular succession of notes in ascending or descending order [based on a fixed intervallic formula].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The systematic arrangement of notes in a systematic way produces scales and that’s the second level of organization.<\/p>\n

Classification #1 – According To Culture Area<\/h3>\n

Musical scales can be classified accord to culture area.<\/p>\n

The term culture area <\/em>here refers to a particular region or geographical location in relationship with their unique approach, belief system, and way of life.<\/p>\n

Music is an integral part of humanity, and it can be seen in virtually all culture areas in the western and eastern world alike; even in Africa, music is an integral part of her culture.<\/p>\n

In the music of every culture area are elements of harmony, melody, rhythm, form, and most importantly, a unique scale system.<\/p>\n

The European\/American music style that is played and heard in so many parts of the world evolved from the western world. Consequently, the scales commonly used are called western scales.<\/p>\n

Scales from other parts of the world – Chinese scales, African scales, and so on, – are generally classified as non-western scales.<\/p>\n

“In A Nutshell…”<\/em><\/p>\n

When it comes to the classification of scales according to culture area, there are two broad categories:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Western scales<\/li>\n
  • Non-western scales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Long established scales of the European music art form are considered as western scales while scales from other culture areas in the world are considered as non-western scales.<\/p>\n

    Given the scales below:<\/p>\n

    C Mela Divyamani:
    \n
    \nC Harmonic Minor:
    \n
    \n…can you classify them according to culture area?<\/p>\n

    The C harmonic minor scale is a western scale while the C mela divyamani scale is a non-western scale.<\/p>\n

    Classification #2 – According To Usage<\/h3>\n

    Musical scales can also be classified according to usage.<\/p>\n

    Although there are so many scales from different parts of the world, only a few scales are commonly used in the formation of chords or in the composition of a melody.<\/p>\n

    The scales that are regularly<\/em> used by the people who live in the Jewish and Arabic culture area sound exotic<\/em> to the people who live in the European\/American culture area. The reverse can also be the case.<\/p>\n

    So, in the classification of scales according to usage, there are two scale classes:<\/p>\n

    Regular scales<\/p>\n

    Exotic scales<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    Attention:<\/strong> Always remember that a musical scale can be regular in one culture area and exotic in another culture area.<\/p>\n

    “In A Nutshell…”<\/em><\/p>\n

    In our everyday music, musical scales from the European\/American culture area are commonly used.<\/p>\n

    Consequently, European\/American scales are considered to be regular scale while musical scales from other culture areas are considered as exotic scales.<\/p>\n

    Given the scales below:<\/p>\n

    C Six-tone Symmetrical:
    \n
    \nC Natural Major:
    \n
    \n…can you classify them according to usage?<\/p>\n

    The C natural major scale is a western scale while the C six-tone symmetrical scale is a non-western scale.<\/p>\n

    Classification #3 – According To Note Aggregate<\/h3>\n

    A musical scale can be classified according to the number of notes it consists of.<\/p>\n

    “Check Out These Scales…”<\/em><\/p>\n

    Scale #1:
    \n
    \nScale #2:
    \n
    \nOne of the remarkable differences between the scales above is in the number of notes in each scale. For example, scale #1 consists of five notes, while scale #2 consists of seven notes.<\/p>\n

    The difference in the number of notes that each scale is made up of (aka – “note aggregate”) is an important criteria in the classification of scales.<\/p>\n

    “Here Are The Classes Of Scales According To Note Aggregate…”<\/em><\/p>\n

    One-note scales are monotonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Two-note scales are ditonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Three-note scales are tritonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Four-note scales are tetra<\/strong>tonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Five-note scales are pentatonic.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Six-note scales are hexatonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Seven-note scales are heptatonic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Eight-note scales are octatonic<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    Given the scales we came across earlier:<\/p>\n

    Scale #1:
    \n
    \nScale #2:
    \n
    \n…can you classify them according to note aggregate?<\/p>\n

    Scale #1:
    \n
    \n…is a five-note scale, consequently, it is a pentatonic scale.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Scale #2:
    \n
    \n…is a seven-note scale, consequently, it is a heptatonic scale.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Classification #4 – According To Tonality<\/h3>\n

    A musical scale can be classified according to tonality. There are two common tonality types:<\/p>\n

    The major key<\/p>\n

    The minor key<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    …and musical scales can be classified under either of them. Consequently, a musical scale can either be classified as a major or a minor scale and here’s the criteria for this classification:<\/p>\n

    The interval between the first and third tone of a scale determines whether it’s a major or a minor scale.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    When the interval between the first and third tone of a given scale is a major third interval,<\/strong> such a scale is classified as a major scale.<\/span>\u00a0Conversely, when the interval between the first and third tone of a given scale is a minor third interval,<\/strong> such a scale is classified as a minor scale<\/span>.<\/p>\n

    Given these heptatonic scales:<\/p>\n

    Scale #1:
    \n
    \nScale #2:
    \n
    \n…can you classify them according to tonality?<\/p>\n

    “Here’s The Answer…”<\/em><\/p>\n

    In scale #1:
    \n
    \n…the interval between the first and third tones (which are C and Eb):
    \n
    \n…is a minor third interval:<\/p>\n

    In scale #2:
    \n
    \n…the interval between the first and third tones (which are C and E):
    \n
    \n…is a major third interval:<\/p>\n

    Consequently, scale #1:
    \n
    \n…is a minor scale, while scale #2:
    \n
    \n…is a major scale.<\/p>\n

    Final Words<\/h2>\n

    Congratulations! I’m really certain that in ways more than one, you can be able to classify any given scale.<\/p>\n

    We’ll take our discussion to another level in a subsequent post where we’ll be exploring other classification criteria like symmetry and so on.<\/p>\n

    Thank you for your time and see you then!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    We’re exploring the classification of scales according to culture area, usage, note aggregate, etc., in this lesson.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":22668,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[252,416,350,9,229],"tags":[17,2400,2401,2407,2405,144,186,2406,2399,2402,2306,2404,199,1901,1895,2403],"class_list":["post-16047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-beginners","category-experienced-players","category-music-etc","category-piano","category-scales-theory-piano","tag-basic-songs","tag-classification-of-scales","tag-culture-area","tag-ditonic","tag-exotic-scales","tag-major-scales","tag-minor-scales","tag-monotonic","tag-musicals-scales","tag-note-aggregate","tag-pentatonic-scales","tag-regular-scales","tag-scales","tag-tonality","tag-tritonic","tag-usage","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"\nA 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