{"id":18564,"date":"2018-10-03T06:07:57","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T14:07:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hearandplay.com\/main\/?p=18564"},"modified":"2024-10-05T14:58:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-05T22:58:21","slug":"chord-formation-what-are-ninths-elevenths-and-thirteenths","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hearplaymain.wpenginepowered.com\/chord-formation-what-are-ninths-elevenths-and-thirteenths\/","title":{"rendered":"Chord Formation: “What Are Ninths, Elevenths, And Thirteenths?”"},"content":{"rendered":"

Terms like ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths are associated with chord formation.<\/p>\n

If you’ve come across the term ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths and are interested in learning what they are, then this lesson is for you.<\/em><\/p>\n

Let’s get started by learning what ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths are.<\/p>\n

“What Are Ninths, Elevenths, And Thirteenths?”<\/em><\/h2>\n

Following traditional principles, chords are formed in third intervals. Consequently, there are seven chord tones:<\/p>\n

The first<\/p>\n

The third<\/p>\n

The fifth<\/p>\n

The seventh<\/p>\n

The ninth<\/p>\n

The eleventh<\/p>\n

The thirteenth<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Chord tones that are beyond the compass of an octave are referred to as extensions and this is because their significant role in extending the width of a chord.<\/p>\n

The ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth tones are extensions; unlike the first, third, fifth, and seventh tones that are within the compass of an octave.<\/p>\n

“Let’s Use The C Major Seventh Chord As A Reference…”<\/em><\/p>\n

The tones of the C major seventh chord (its first, third, fifth, and seventh tones):
\n
\n…are within the compass of the C octave:
\n
\n…while other chord tones that extend the width of the C major seventh chord beyond the compass of an octave are called extensions.<\/p>\n

Let’s take a closer look at these extensions.<\/p>\n

Attention:<\/strong> To learn more about this, I recommend our 500+ page course: The “Official Guide To Piano Playing.”<\/strong> [thrive_2step id=’18141′]Click here for more information.<\/span>[\/thrive_2step]<\/p>\n

Quick Insights On Chord Extensions<\/h2>\n

The ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth extensions are basically chord tones that are a ninth, eleventh, and a thirteenth above the first tone.<\/p>\n

In the key of C major:
\n<\/p>\n

C is the first:
\n
\nD is the second:
\n
\nE is the third:
\n
\nF is the fourth:
\n
\nG is the fifth:
\n
\nA is the sixth:
\n
\nB is the seventh:
\n
\nC is the eighth:
\n
\nD is the ninth:<\/strong>
\n
\nE is the tenth:
\n
\nF is the eleventh:<\/strong>
\n
\nG is the twelfth:
\n
\nA is the thirteenth:<\/strong>
\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

So, after the first, third, fifth, and seventh tones (which are C, E, G, and B):
\n
\n…are the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth (which are D, F, and A):
\n
\nUsing C as the first tone:
\n<\/p>\n

The ninth (which is D):
\n
\n…can be associated with the second tone of the major scale (which is also D):
\n
\nThe eleventh (which is F):
\n
\n…can be associated with the fourth tone of the major scale (which is also F):
\n
\nThe thirteenth (which is A):
\n
\n…can be associated with the sixth tone of the major scale (which is also A):
\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Attention:<\/strong> To learn more about this, I recommend our 500+ page course: The “Official Guide To Piano Playing.”<\/strong> [thrive_2step id=’18141′]Click here for more information.<\/span>[\/thrive_2step]<\/p>\n

The Association Of Extensions With Intervals<\/h2>\n

So, the three extensions — the ninth, the eleventh, and thirteenth — are related to the major second, perfect fourth, and major sixth intervals.<\/p>\n

The major second interval<\/strong> is a product of the relationship between the first and second tones of the major scale. In the case of the C major scale:
\n
\n…the first and second tones are C and D:
\n
\n…which is a major second interval. The octave transposition of D:
\n
\n…to D:
\n
\n…produces the ninth interval (C-D):
\n
\n…and the extension (which is D):
\n
\nThe perfect fourth interval<\/strong> is a product of the relationship between the first and fourth tones of the major scale. In the case of the C major scale:
\n
\n…the first and fourth tones are C and F:
\n
\n…which is a perfect fourth interval. The octave transposition of F:
\n
\n…to F:
\n
\n…produces the eleventh interval (C-F):
\n
\n…and the extension (which is F):
\n
\nThe major sixth interval<\/strong> is a product of the relationship between the first and sixth tones of the major scale. In the case of the C major scale:
\n
\n…the first and sixth tones are C and A:
\n
\n…which is a major sixth interval. The octave transposition of A:
\n
\n…to A:
\n
\n…produces the thirteenth interval (C-A):
\n
\n…and the extension (which is A):
\n
\nUsing the C major scale as a reference, we derived the following extensions: the ninth (which is D), the eleventh (which is F), and the thirteenth (which is A).<\/p>\n

Here’s How To Determine Chord Extensions<\/h2>\n

Let’s end this lesson by determining chord extensions in a few keys.<\/p>\n

Using the D major scale (as a reference):
\n
\n…extensions can be derived from the following intervals:<\/p>\n

The major second (D-E):
\n
\n…produces the ninth<\/strong> (D-E):
\n
\nThe perfect fourth (D-G):
\n
\n…produces the eleventh<\/strong> (D-G):
\n
\nThe major sixth (D-B):
\n
\n…produces the thirteenth<\/strong> (D-B):
\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Using the Ab major scale (as a reference):
\n
\n…extensions can be derived from the following intervals:<\/p>\n

The major second (Ab-Bb):
\n
\n…produces the ninth<\/strong> (Ab-Bb):
\n
\nThe perfect fourth (Ab-Db):
\n
\n…produces the eleventh<\/strong> (Ab-Db):
\n
\nThe major sixth (Ab-F):
\n
\n…produces the thirteenth<\/strong> (Ab-F):
\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Using the F major scale (as a reference):
\n
\n…extensions can be derived from the following intervals<\/p>\n

The major second (F-G):
\n
\n…produces the ninth<\/strong> (F-G):
\n
\nThe perfect fourth (F-Bb):
\n
\n…produces the eleventh<\/strong> (F-Bb):
\n
\nThe major sixth (F-D):
\n
\n…produces the thirteenth<\/strong> (F-D):
\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Following the same procedure, the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth chord extensions can be determined.<\/p>\n

Final Words<\/h2>\n

In a subsequent lesson, we’ll be learning how these chord extensions can be used in the formation of extended chords.<\/p>\n

See you then!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths are associated with extended chords and we’re learning about them in this introductory lesson.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":22452,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,416,9],"tags":[17,2283,2207,69,2286,2206,68,232,70],"class_list":["post-18564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chords-progressions","category-experienced-players","category-piano","tag-basic-songs","tag-chord-extensions","tag-eleventh","tag-elevenths","tag-extensions","tag-ninth","tag-ninths","tag-thirteenth","tag-thirteenths","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"\nChord Formation: "What Are Ninths, Elevenths, And Thirteenths?" - Hear and Play Music Learning Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths are associated with extended chords and we're 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